Recent Advances in Enzymatic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Value-Added Product

Abstract

Nowadays, climate change and global warming are major environmental issue due to continuous increase to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and vast growth in industrialization (Yaashikaa et al. 2019). Due to extensive deforestation, agricul ture, population growth, rapid industrialization, the current overall concentration of atmospheric CO2 is 400 ppm as compared to preindustrial level 280 ppm (Giri and Pant 2018) so requires to minimizing of atmospheric CO2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, sequestration, and utilization process has been widely recognized effective techniques for reducing CO2 concentration from the atmosphere. IPCC estimated in 2001 the global average annual mean surface air temperature which is increased between 1.4 and 5.8 °C till 2100. This rise in temperature has been causing global warming, and other climatic changes like in 2006 Australia faced extreme drought of in 1000 years (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/nov/08/australia.drought), deadly dust storms in India in May, 2018 (Sarkar et al. 2019), deadliest hurricanes in U.S. (Great Galveston hurricane in 1900, Okeechobee hurricane in 1928, hurricane Katrina in 2005) , forest fire, sea level rise, tsunami, etc., are the main consequences of global climate change (Pant et al. 2017). Currently, different technologies have been used for CO2 capture and storage (CCS) by carbon capture, transportation, and storage which are main three steps (Huntley and Redalje 2007).