Advanced Single-hop and Multi-hop Leach Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Circumscribed battery life is a decisive restraint in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The dissertation discusses various routing disputes in WSN. The routing protocols are chosen for the purpose of minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing the network life time. A new design has been proposed where energy efficient routing using clustering hierarchy is used for data transmission through an optimal path between cluster heads (CHs) and the base station (BS) with homogeneous nodes and heterogeneous nodes both. One of the rudimentary existing protocols in the clustering technique that can be exploited for minimizing the energy dissipation is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). LEACH is the first clustering, adaptive, self-organizing protocol that came into existence to prolong the lifespan of the network by reducing the energy consumption in the WSN. The basic operation of the protocol is divided into a number of rounds which further comprises of two phases in it; the set-up phase and the steady-state phase. This routing protocol is basically used for the data transmission between the cluster member to cluster head and further cluster head to the final destination i.e. BS. The limitations arise in the algorithm proposed (with homogeneous nodes) could be overcome by the revised LEACH algorithm called multi-hop LEACH protocol and Advanced LEACH protocol (with heterogeneous nodes), also by using the internal rotation mechanism which works at top of the traditional LEACH protocol.